Scientific Program

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Past Conferences Report

  • Astronomy

Session Introduction

Otto E. Rossler

University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany

Title: Zwicky 1929 confirmed at last

Time : 12:10-12:40

Biography:

Otto E. Rossler obtained an MD from the University of Tuebingen at age 27 to acquire a “Dr rer nat habil” in science 5 years later, following post-doctoral work at the Max Planck Institute Seewiesen and at the State University of New York at Buffalo. Since 1977 a professor of theoretical biochemistry at the University of Tuebingen, he wrote more than 600 scientific papers in different fields with about 150 on chaos theory including deterministic Thermodynamics and Cryodynamics. 

 

Abstract:

In 1929, Fritz Zwicky offered a proof that the universe is non-expanding. This proof got later confirmed by the discovery of Cryodynamics, sister of deterministic Thermodynamics. This now 8 years old new fundamental science yields the Hubble law as a direct implication of the gravitational interaction between the randomly moving galaxies and the passing light rays. A 2010 dissertation by Klaus Sonnleitner offered the first hard evidence in parallel with a paper by Ramis Movassagh in the United States. The so re-obtained 91 years old result of Zwicky’s proves hard to sell to the scientific community at large in view of the many papers claiming the contrary that have accumulated in the scientific literature since 1929. There is no precedent ever since the time of Bruno of three whole scientific generations having gone astray. On the other hand, there is a positive side to it: This may become the first example in history of a “dark age” spontaneously healing itself. I thank astronaut Ulrich Walter for a controversial discussion.

 

Biography:

Gautam Vishwanathan are presently pursuing undergraduate studies in Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechatronics Engineering in  SRMIST respectively. There research interests include Space Explorations, Rocket propellants, Nuclear Energy sources, Embedded systems and various others

Abstract:

Mars is the most Earth-like planet and  indorses the potential of becoming a new home to humans. All the resources necessary to sustain life are readily available on Mars surface. We humans need to conduct basic science research to gain new knowledge about the solar system's origin and history and applied research on how to use Martian resources to augment life-sustaining systems.

 

Mars has a radius of 3397 km with 687 days a year and thus 24 hrs and 40 min length of the day and night cycle. Mars has a very unsubstantiated atmosphere with the atmospheric pressure about 100 times lower than that of Earth. On average, Mars is 214.44 million km away from sun, which makes it a much colder place. Without a thick atmosphere to insulate the surface the temperature variation is much larger. Mars is smaller and has a lower overall density than the Earth, resulting in a surface gravity that has only 38% the Earth’s strength.

 

Space colonization development and assisted atmospheric conditions have necessitated active research efforts to fundamentally understand the varying operating conditions and the key controlling parameters involved. The subject involves atmospheric conditions, sustainable structures and designs. Selected issue of concern for effective futuristic martian colonization is the radiation owing to weak magnetic field, the need of development of early warning systems and the extreme conditions that can force the main structural challenge to hold down the interior pressure of all habitats. The major structural problem on Mars is holding the buildings down and not holding them up against gravity like on Earth.

 

Anne-Marlene Rüede

Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Route Cantonale, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

Title: Designing a Crewed Mars Polar Research Base
Biography:

Anne-Marlene is a space and extreme environments architect from the Swiss Polytechnic Federal Institute in Lausanne (EPFL), where she studied architecture and space technologies. She has worked on various projects, including satellite design, Mars human exploration mission planning and habitat design. Her current work include space logistics optimisation and planning of analogue missions.        

Abstract:

The ice from the Martian North Pole is estimated to contain information on the formation of Mars, its climate and is also a great candidate for searching for extra-terrestrial life traces in the Solar System. Despite this, its secrets are yet to be unveiled by humankind. To do so, ice samples must be extracted by drilling and analyzed in-situ. Additionally, the Northern polar regions of Mars also hold the potential to harbor human life, as the polar cap constitutes a water reservoir. Therefore, proposing a crewed mission to the Mars North Pole would greatly advance the resolution of sub-objectives in all main goals set for the exploration of Mars by NASA in 2015. But how could such a mission be executed and what could the base be like? This talk proposes to look at the design of a mission scenario and base with high technology readiness level that could sustain a crew of six near the North Pole of Mars, during Martian summer. It allows the crew to drill for and analyze ice samples in a laboratory located on the planet. The possibilities offered by in-situ available resources and the selection of a strategy for constructing the base, life support system and in-situ propellant production will be discussed. Furthermore, all design steps necessary to guarantee the security and successful operation of the mission will also be presented. In the conclusion, the key technologies that still need to be developed in order to allow for humans to wander to Mars are presented, along with a proposition to include several experiments in a first generation crewed mission on Mars to facilitate a long-term presence of humans on the planet and the possibility of using the Moon for in-situ testing.

 

Dipendra Neupane

Under privileged children’s education programs ,Kathmandu,Nepal

Title: Origin of Universe and black holes
Biography:

Mr. Dipendra Neupane has completed his Studies from Tribhuwan University, Kathmandu, Nepal. He is working as Vice Principal in Underprivileged Children’s Education Program, Nepal since 4 years and working as Electronics Communication and Computer assessor in Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT) sanothimi, Bhaktapur. 

He has been doing research in different fields for 10 years. His research is related to space and astronomy, galaxies and the black hole. One of his latest research paper was published in International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 10, Issue 2, February – 2019 (1129 ISSN 2229-5518)

 

Abstract:

There are different principles and thoughts about origin of the universe. Of them some are very popular. After a long research and study a new result has found out about the origin of universe. According to this theory,  before the origin of our universe there was only black space. i.e. there was a black colored vacant space made from Dian. Dian, the basis of Universe, is density less and motionless. Darkness of the universe is the result of 4 elements: Pito, Anto, Blata and Glyasi. These 4 elements can't react with Dian but can react with each other. Dian can react with any product that results after the reaction of these 4 elements. Dian, Pito, Anto, Blata and Glaci seem to be the fundamental elements of universe. After million and billions of years with the reaction between elements of black space, dark hole are formed and from that dark hole, universe is originated. According to these 3 processes the origin of universe can be clarify. 1. Collision between two Dark Holes: There is condition of collision between the Dark Holes formed in Black Spaces due to unlimited density, movement and gravity there is a condition of collision and they collide with each other. Due to this collision there is an explosion black spaces and expands far-far away in huge area. After that due to the chemical reaction for hundreds of year again that elements starts to unite and turns to surface (body) and hence stars and planets are formed. 2. Dark Hole Explosion: In some points dark hole cannot control elements in itself and from the center it starts to expand or move against from the center. This state lasts for very short time like seconds or minutes and explodes itself. And due to this explosion the elements scatters and form stars and planets in certain time period. 3. Dark Hole Ignition: when there is pressure in Dark hole due to its unlimited density and movement, unlimited energy is formed. Before dark hole changes to state of white hole, due to this continuous chemical reaction and unlimited pressure, the energy produced in it starts to be active and due to this there is production of heat and light and the pressure of dark hole starts to be still. After millions of year the pressure in it starts to decrease and it converts to fire ball and forms a star.

 

Biography:

Hossein Parsania his PhD at the age of 28 years from Iran University of Science and Technology. He is 1st Rank in research students at school of mechanical engineering - Iran university of science and technology (2016-2017). He has published more than 5 papers in reputed journals.

 

Abstract:

In this paper, the obliquity effect of the main-body on the motion of solar system planets orbiter in prolonged space missions has been investigated in the presence of the Sun gravity. The proposed model is based on non-simplified perturbed dynamic equations of planetary orbiter motion. From a new point of view, in the present work, the dynamic equations regarding a disturbing body in elliptic inclined three-dimensional orbit are derived with consideration of all the zonal harmonic perturbations of main-body. The accuracy of this non-simplified method is validated with dual-averaged method employed on a generalized Earth-Moon system. It is shown that the neglected short-time oscillations in dual-averaged technique can accumulate and propel to remarkable errors in the prolonged evolution. After validation, the effects of the main-body’s obliquity on eccentricity, inclination and right ascension of the ascending node of the orbiter are investigated. Moreover, a generalized model is provided to study the effects of third-body inclination and eccentricity on orbit characteristics. It is shown that the main-body’s obliquity is the key to facilitating some significant changes in orbital elements in long-term mission and short-time oscillations must be consider in accurate prolonged evaluation. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the obliquity effects on spacecraft orbits around planets of the solar system with different axial tilts when the Sun’s gravity is considered. The proposed equations are employed to determine the importance of the main-body’s obliquity, considering in different cases for Sun-Venus, Sun-Earth, and Sun-Mars. Consequently, the obliquity effects on orbital parameters of the satellite are analyzed in different inclinations and eccentricities of the satellite orbit. In addition, a generalized model is provided to study the effect of eccentricity and inclination of third-body orbit on long-term behaviour of the planetary orbiter.

 

Biography:

Dr. Poornima Varma is working as Women Scientist in the Department of Physics at Dr.H. S. Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh in India. She started her career as research scholar in Space Plasma Physics in 1988 and joined MAPCOST project as junior research fellow in the Department of Physics, Dr. H.S.Gour University, Sagar (M.P.) in India. After completing her Ph.D. degree in 1992 she was awarded CSIR National fellowship for her post doctoral work. During her post doctoral tenure she was awarded best paper presentation award in national conferences and honoured as Young Scientist Award by ISCA in 2002. After that she joined the ISRO project as senior research fellow. During the project work she taught the degree courses regularly in the department and designed following courses at University Syllabus: 1. Ph.D. Course Syllabus for Advance Plasma Physics, 2. M.Sc. IVth Semester Plasma Physics. 3. An elective paper of Atmospheric Physics for PG in IIIrd Semester. These courses were successfully run in the Department. In 2004 she was awarded the women scientist by DST through sanctioned major research project. During her research career she published more than 106 research papers in cited journals and various national and international conferences. She is life member of ISCA, Calcutta and Plasma Science Society of India, Ahmedabad. She completed 11 major research projects sanctioned by various funding agencies as UGC, DST, ISRO and CSIR as Principal and Co-Principal Investigator and guided Ph.D. student and M.Sc. student
regularly. Presently she is reviewer of national and international journals and reviewed research papers in Planetary and Space Science, (Elsevier, U.K.) European Journal of Physics, (France), Astrophysics and Space Science, (Springer, Netherland), Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics, Physical Review & Research International, Indian Journal of Physics, India. Her research work are cited by many authors and read in many country and institutions shown by research gate site regularly.
Her research interest is Theoretical Modulation of Plasma Approach in Space Physics; Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling; Auroral Electrodynamics; Earth’s Magnetosphere; Gas discharge physics; Theoretical Approaches; Atmospheric Physics; Low frequency waves phenomena. Multi-ions plasma in various space regions, homogeneous and inhomogeneous

Abstract:

The rocket and satellites observations have revealed the enthuastics features in space physics. The research in space plasma has a long history in India since the work of Saha on interstellar plasma in late twenties. The early twenty one centuries saw the emerging of the groups in National laboratories engaged in research in theoretical and experimental aspects. The study of the Earth’s magnetosphere over the past few decades have resulted in a relatively good experimental understanding of both its basic structural properties and its response to changes in the impinging solar wind. Recent satellite observations Akebono have clarified that plasma outflows (Multi-ions) play an important role in abrupt changes in the ion composition in the plasmasheet and ring current during geomagnetic storms. One of the main problems in auroral plasma physics concerns the acceleration of the electrons to kinetic energies much higher than their initial thermal energies. The theory and observations from both the current regions downward (Marklund et al., 2001) and upward (McFadden et al., 1999) have indicated that the electrons are accelerated by parallel electric fields. The precipitating electrons cause the aurora and carry the field-aligned currents in the upward current regions. Low frequency waves (Alfven waves, kinetic Alfven waves, electromagnetic ion-cyclotron waves, Electrostatic ion-cyclotron waves) as well as recently multi-ions plasma study are also investigated. The investigation is based upon particle aspect approach as well as kinetic approach which we have been pursuing since last 30 years (e.g. Varma, et al.., 2007 and references therein; Ruchi Mishra and M.S.Tiwari, 2007 and references therein; Ahirwar, et al.., 2006, 2007 and references therein; Shukla, et al.., 2007 and references 2 therein, Agarwal et al, 2011 and reference therein, Patel et al 2012 and references therein; Tamrakar et al., 2019 and reference therein in various space regions. The study is explaining the broad scenario of space around earth magnetosphere. The utility of the work is justified by many satellite observations. Recently we have studied the effects of He+ and O+ ions on kinetic Alfvén waves with application to PSBL region and found that the multi-ions undergoing mirroring effect influence KAW nature dissimilar to H+ ions. O+ and He+ experience local non-adiabatic acceleration. The mass dependent relative existence of He+/H+ and O+/H+ also affect Landau damping and waveparticle interaction. In plasma confinement, some particles may be lost through loss-cone and others may be scattered back from the atmosphere into the loss-cone. So, loss-cone can’t be completely empty. The wave-particle interaction will result in Landau damping. O+ may get highly energised with KAW at 10% abundance in multi-ions plasma and might affect the magnetotail dynamics. The lower energization of ions beyond relative density O+/H+ ≈ 0.10 may explain the earlier observed result that particles with lower O+/H+ flow towards earth or ionosphere and higher ratio indicates tailward flow (Fu et al. 2011). The density variation of multiions also affects propagation speed of Alfven wave (VA). This study also explains the energy dissipation through KAW as it can be due to transfer of Poynting flux from PSBL towards the ionosphere. The gyroradius and gyroperiod of multi-ions also affects the energization, local heating and non-adiabatic acceleration of each ion. (Tamrakar et al., Astrophys Space Sci (2018) 363:221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-018-3443-6) Another study shown the density variation effect on multi-ions with kinetic Alfven wave around cusp region by kinetic approach and predicted that it is not only electron density which controls energy transfer from wave to particles but each ion govern the transfer of energy based on their gyration in presence of magnetic field. The lighter ions H+ and He+ particles gain energy from wave at lower altitudes with gyration of both hydrogen and helium ions whereas oxygen ions remains nearly unaffected. With heavy oxygen ion gyration, hydrogen and helium ions negligibly participate in damping of wave but O+ ions gain energy from wave at higher altitudes. The study also suggested that helium ions are not significantly affecting damping of wave at higher altitudes this can be due to local acceleration mechanism (Fritz et al. 1999). The findings of this work may be useful for explaining energisation and acceleration of ions, landau damping, Polar outflow and can also be related to interplanetary magnetic field. (Tamrakar et al., Astrophys Space Sci (2018) 363:9 DOI 10.1007/s10509-017-3224-7)

RyspekUsubamatov

Kyrgyz State Technical University after I. Razzakov, Kyrgyzstan

Title: T-GERO- Theory of gyroscopic effects for rotating objects
Biography:

Dr. Ing. R. Usubamatov has completed his Ph.D. from Bauman Moscow State Technical University. He is a Professional Engineer in Mechanical, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering.  He worked as an engineer at a company and lecturer in universities of Kyrgyzstan and Malaysia. He is Professor of Kyrgyz State Technical University after I Razzaov.  His key researches are Productivity Theory for Industrial Engineering and Theory of Gyroscopic Effects for Rotating Objects that represented by 8 books, 30 brochures, 61 patents of inventions and more than 350 manuscripts in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute. 
 

 

Abstract:

The physics of the gyroscopic effects are more complex than represented in known theories with simplified mathematical models. Recent investigations have demonstrated that the external torque applied on a gyroscope generates the system of nine inertial torques acting interdependently around three axes. These torques are produced by rotating the mass elements of the spinning disc and manifested all gyroscopic effects. Gyroscopic inertial torques are generated by the centrifugal, common inertial, Coriolis forces, as well as the change in the angular momentum of the spinning rotor. These torques represent the fundamental principles of the gyroscope theory. New mathematical models for the gyroscopic effects describe their physics and validated by practical tests. The interrelated action of several inertial forces on the gyroscope manifests the phenomena of their deactivation that is the result of kinetic energy loss of the resistance inertial torques. The gyroscope does not possess properties that contradict physical principles. The method for computing inertial torques can be applied to all rotating objects of different designs like a cone, sphere, paraboloid, ellipsoid, propeller, etc. that manifest gyroscopic effects. The science of classical mechanics receives a new direction for computing motions of rotating objects in space.

 

 

Biography:

Abstract:

According to the Stephen Hawking’s spring theory the universe is created from infinite void that is eternal inflations which means borrowing energy from eternal so it is immediately converting energy into matter and radiations. First the matter is created after some period of time later the radiations are created by eternal inflations. So the seven skies are created first then the rays are generated slowly. Here seven skies are considered as an optical matter and they are separated by space. The rays are scattered from the sky. Finally scattered rays are focused on the clouds. So the magical rainbow is created using hologram techniques. In which 3D image of matter (sky) is focused in to 2D image-rainbow and quantum phase transition of rays are taken place in each of the sky. Finally the high energy and high frequency rays are converted into low energy and low frequency rays successively. Here one type of ray is converted into other types.

 

Biography:

Abstract:

Space time is the simplest form of ‘geometry’ as what described in the ‘General Relativity’. Electromagnetic field exists everywhere in the universe and perhaps is the ultimate solution for describing how universe and all forces in nature work. But, physics considers space time a ‘dimensional’ and ‘geometric behavior’ and when unified with the quantum mechanics; it doesn’t find any correct solution. In my abstract, I will show how the ‘electro-gravitational fields in nature’ (still hypothetical) are the cause behind the existence of all forces in nature and how it interacts with both the firm pillars of physics as well as cosmology- quantum mechanics and general relativity. In this abstract, I will show how electro-gravitational fields work accord with quantum mechanics and how quantum particles alter their symmetry. This will lead us to the question; does void really exist, if we unite quantum mechanics with general relativity? Do vibrating strings the ultimate cause behind and there is nothing outside these theories? However, electro-gravitational fields in space time depict how all forces (i.e. particles) work symmetrically as well as asymmetrically.

 

 

Biography:

Abstract:

A new model of the Universe has been presented using a special class of Riemann-Cartan geometry: the parameterized absolute parallelism geometry. This model is oscillating from expansion and contraction at different stages. It behaves normally as the conventional Big Bang model till the first half-age, at a Big Rip then reverses its behavior up to the Big Crunch. This model the same physical behaviorism at each of its beginning and ending stages, while at its first half-age of the universe and the second half-age it is beginning with a singular stage and ends with a non-singular stage. The first half-age of the age of the universe, of our model covers the linearly varying deceleration parameter model, also covers the law of Berman. Our model corresponds to the periodic universe with varying deceleration parameter of the second degree in Riemannian geometry. The effect of the torsion term on the proposed model has been studied and discussed. In this article we have presented a new model to explain the evolution of the universe by using the Riemannian geometry and the Parameterized absolute parallelism geometry. The proposed model predicts the future of the universe after a Big Rip moment. The result obtained in this article is matching with recent cosmological observations

Biography:

Mohammed Azeez Saeed has completed his B.Sc study in Physics from University of Sulaimani,Iraq in 1977, MSc. Study in Meteorology/Climatology from Birmingham University, UK in 1980 and PhD. Study in Astronomy from University of Baghdad, Iraq in 2001. He is the director of grants and academic projects and Erasmus+ Institutional coordinator at Salahaddin University-Erbil.He has published 8 papers and supervised 6 master and PhD students.

Abstract:

This paper, presents the analysis of the linear polarization of starlights. Hollow bacteria cylindrical shape model produced by Fred Hoyle and Serkowski law fit of linear polarization were applied on the data of six selected individual stars in the Milky Way .Linear polarization of the stars (HD197770 , HD2905 , HD37903 ,HD25443) were collected from references (11, 13, 18 , 19 ) . The observations were made during the 1990 December 2 - 9 , Astro -1 mission of the Space Shuttle Columbia using Wisconsin Ultraviolet photospectro polarimeter Experiment. A 0.5m telescope with Cassegrain Spectrograph and Polarizing Optics in the wavelength range ( -1 = 1.35 m-1 to 7.14 m-1 ) were used in the mission . Data of linear polarization of the stars , HD7252 and HD161056 , were collected from reference ( 12 ) . The observations were made in cycle 1 of the Hubble Space Telescope Guest Observer Program in September 1992. The Faint Object Spectrograph were used in the mission to observe interstellar linear polarization in the wavelength range ( -1 = 0.32 to 7.69 m-1 ) .
It can be seen that the Serkowski relation and hollow cylindrical bacteria model are in good agreement with the observed polarization data.The fitting of the models in the UV region are not good. It is generally accepted that the grains are aligned in such away the position angle of the polarization is in the direction of the magnetic field . The orientation of spinning interstellar grains involves two aspects of the electromagnetic scattering geometry. The inclination of the spin axis to the direction of the incident radiation field and degree of alignment. It is for this reason vibrations in the data points can be observed, because all the grain particles are not equally symmetrically aligned.